Read the following passage and answer the questions B. Folk music consists of songs and music of a community that are uninfluenced by any sophisticat musical rules or any standard musical styles. Bangladesh has a heritage of rich folk music whi includes both religious and secular songs. Eølk music may be described as the music of the ancient times that sprang from the heart of Gemmunity, based on their natural style of expression uninfluenced by the rules of classical music modern popular songs. Any arrangement of sound created by the combination of tune, voice an instrument/dance may be described as music. Folk music is the combination of song, tune and dan that originate from the traditional culture of ordinary people (the folk). For example, Baul songs are combination of tune, music and dance that are associated with the Baul tradition in Bengal. Folk music has the following characteristics: (i) It is composed by rural folk on the basis of ancient rules transmitted orally; (ii) these ancient rules of music have not been influenced by classical or modern music; (iii) folk songs may be sung in groups or individually; (iv) no regular practice is required for folk music; (v) it is composed and performed by illiterate or semi literate people: (vi) it is a spontaneous expression of feelings and thoughts in easy languages, local dialect and simple tune: (vii) both words and tune are appealing: (viii) despite its universal appeal it uses local dialect: (ix) it depends upon nature and the rural environment: (x) it is an explicit manifestation of the joys and sorrows of daily life; (xi) it uses simple and natural rhythms: and (xii) it contains a strong emotive expression of human love and separation. In Bangladesh folk music has great variety, with songs composed on culture, festivals, views of life, natural beauty, rivers and rural and riverine life. These songs are also about social inequality and poverty, about the material world and the supernatural. Mystical songs have been composed using the metaphors of rivers and boats. Since the country is basically riverine, the Bhatiyali forms an important genre of folk music. Nature plays a role in providing the content and rhythm of folk music. The folk music of Bangladesh varies from region to region, reflecting changes in the natural environment and the dialects people use. Thus, there are the northern Bhawaiya, the eastern Bhatiyali and the southwestern Baul songs. The culture and the lifestyle of the different ethnic minorities, such as the Chakmas, Manipuris. Santals or Tripuris, have also influenced folk music. Their interaction with Bengali culture and lifestyle over the years has been clearly reflected in the richness of our folk music. Folk songs may be sung individually or in chorus. Folk songs sung individually include Baul, Bhatiyali. Murshidi and Marfati, while songs sung in chorus include Kabigan. Leto, Alkap and Gambhira. Some songs are regional in character, but others are common to both Bangladesh and West Bengal. Similarly, some songs belong distinctively to one religious community, the Hindus or the Muslims: others cross religious boundaries. Some songs belong exclusively to men, others to women. while some are sung by both men and women. Thus, only women compose and sing Bratagan and Meyeli Git, but both men and women participate in the old practice of 'roof-beating [গণিত] songs that are sung while beating down and firming rooftops. B. Answer the following questions: (a) How is folk music defined in the passage? (b) How can you describe Baul songs? (c) What, according to the passage, are the characteristics of folk music? (d) How are the culture and the lifestyle of different ethnic minorities reflected in folk music? (e) Why does Bangladeshi folk music vary from region to region?
উত্তর: (a) In the passage, folk music is defined as the music of the ancient times spontaneously coming out of the heart of a community, based on their natural style of expression unaffected by the rules of classical music or modern popular songs. Any arrangement of sound created by the combination of tune, voice and instrument/dance,may be described as music. And folk music is the combination of song, tune and dance that originate from the traditional culture of ordinary people. (b) Baul songs can be described as a combination of tune, music and dance having association with the Baul tradition in Bengal. (c) According to the passage, the characteristics of folk music are as follows: It is composed by rural people based on the ancient rules passed orally. These ancient rules of music are not influenced by classical or modern music. Folk songs can be sung in groups or individually. These songs need not regular practice. It is composed and performed per by illiterate or semi literate people. It is a spontaneous expression of feelings and thoughts in easy language, local dialect and simple tune. Both 'the words and tune are appealing. It depends upon nature and the rural environment. It is an explicit expression of joys and sorrows, love and separation, social inequality, poverty, etc., in simple and natural rhythms. (d) The culture and the lifestyle of different ethnic minorities, like the Chakmas, Manipuris, Santals or Tripuris, have greatly influenced our folk music. Their interaction with Bengali culture and lifestyle over the years has found distinct reflection in the richness of our folk music. (e) Bangladeshi folk music varies from region to region owing to different natural environment and the dialects used by people. The northern Bhawaiya, the eastern Bhatiyali and the southwestern Baul songs reflect these aspects clearly..
HSC English 1st Paper CQ — Prosthuti প্রশ্নব্যাংক

Question

Read the following passage and answer the questions B. Folk music consists of songs and music of a community that are uninfluenced by any sophisticat musical rules or any standard musical styles. Bangladesh has a heritage of rich folk music whi includes both religious and secular songs. Eølk music may be described as the music of the ancient times that sprang from the heart of Gemmunity, based on their natural style of expression uninfluenced by the rules of classical music modern popular songs. Any arrangement of sound created by the combination of tune, voice an instrument/dance may be described as music. Folk music is the combination of song, tune and dan that originate from the traditional culture of ordinary people (the folk). For example, Baul songs are combination of tune, music and dance that are associated with the Baul tradition in Bengal. Folk music has the following characteristics: (i) It is composed by rural folk on the basis of ancient rules transmitted orally; (ii) these ancient rules of music have not been influenced by classical or modern music; (iii) folk songs may be sung in groups or individually; (iv) no regular practice is required for folk music; (v) it is composed and performed by illiterate or semi literate people: (vi) it is a spontaneous expression of feelings and thoughts in easy languages, local dialect and simple tune: (vii) both words and tune are appealing: (viii) despite its universal appeal it uses local dialect: (ix) it depends upon nature and the rural environment: (x) it is an explicit manifestation of the joys and sorrows of daily life; (xi) it uses simple and natural rhythms: and (xii) it contains a strong emotive expression of human love and separation. In Bangladesh folk music has great variety, with songs composed on culture, festivals, views of life, natural beauty, rivers and rural and riverine life. These songs are also about social inequality and poverty, about the material world and the supernatural. Mystical songs have been composed using the metaphors of rivers and boats. Since the country is basically riverine, the Bhatiyali forms an important genre of folk music. Nature plays a role in providing the content and rhythm of folk music. The folk music of Bangladesh varies from region to region, reflecting changes in the natural environment and the dialects people use. Thus, there are the northern Bhawaiya, the eastern Bhatiyali and the southwestern Baul songs. The culture and the lifestyle of the different ethnic minorities, such as the Chakmas, Manipuris. Santals or Tripuris, have also influenced folk music. Their interaction with Bengali culture and lifestyle over the years has been clearly reflected in the richness of our folk music. Folk songs may be sung individually or in chorus. Folk songs sung individually include Baul, Bhatiyali. Murshidi and Marfati, while songs sung in chorus include Kabigan. Leto, Alkap and Gambhira. Some songs are regional in character, but others are common to both Bangladesh and West Bengal. Similarly, some songs belong distinctively to one religious community, the Hindus or the Muslims: others cross religious boundaries. Some songs belong exclusively to men, others to women. while some are sung by both men and women. Thus, only women compose and sing Bratagan and Meyeli Git, but both men and women participate in the old practice of 'roof-beating [গণিত] songs that are sung while beating down and firming rooftops. B. Answer the following questions: (a) How is folk music defined in the passage? (b) How can you describe Baul songs? (c) What, according to the passage, are the characteristics of folk music? (d) How are the culture and the lifestyle of different ethnic minorities reflected in folk music? (e) Why does Bangladeshi folk music vary from region to region?

উত্তর: (a) In the passage, folk music is defined as the music of the ancient times spontaneously coming out of the heart of a community, based on their natural style of expression unaffected by the rules of classical music or modern popular songs. Any arrangement of sound created by the combination of tune, voice and instrument/dance,may be described as music. And folk music is the combination of song, tune and dance that originate from the traditional culture of ordinary people. (b) Baul songs can be described as a combination of tune, music and dance having association with the Baul tradition in Bengal. (c) According to the passage, the characteristics of folk music are as follows: It is composed by rural people based on the ancient rules passed orally. These ancient rules of music are not influenced by classical or modern music. Folk songs can be sung in groups or individually. These songs need not regular practice. It is composed and performed per by illiterate or semi literate people. It is a spontaneous expression of feelings and thoughts in easy language, local dialect and simple tune. Both 'the words and tune are appealing. It depends upon nature and the rural environment. It is an explicit expression of joys and sorrows, love and separation, social inequality, poverty, etc., in simple and natural rhythms. (d) The culture and the lifestyle of different ethnic minorities, like the Chakmas, Manipuris, Santals or Tripuris, have greatly influenced our folk music. Their interaction with Bengali culture and lifestyle over the years has found distinct reflection in the richness of our folk music. (e) Bangladeshi folk music varies from region to region owing to different natural environment and the dialects used by people. The northern Bhawaiya, the eastern Bhatiyali and the southwestern Baul songs reflect these aspects clearly..

HSC English 1st Paper CQ — Prosthuti প্রশ্নব্যাংক

Prosthuti · Accepted Answer

(a) In the passage, folk music is defined as the music of the ancient times spontaneously coming out of the heart of a community, based on their natural style of expression unaffected by the rules of classical music or modern popular songs. Any arrangement of sound created by the combination of tune, voice and instrument/dance,may be described as music. And folk music is the combination of song, tune and dance that originate from the traditional culture of ordinary people. (b) Baul songs can be described as a combination of tune, music and dance having association with the Baul tradition in Bengal. (c) According to the passage, the characteristics of folk music are as follows: It is composed by rural people based on the ancient rules passed orally. These ancient rules of music are not influenced by classical or modern music. Folk songs can be sung in groups or individually. These songs need not regular practice. It is composed and performed per by illiterate or semi literate people. It is a spontaneous expression of feelings and thoughts in easy language, local dialect and simple tune. Both 'the words and tune are appealing. It depends upon nature and the rural environment. It is an explicit expression of joys and sorrows, love and separation, social inequality, poverty, etc., in simple and natural rhythms. (d) The culture and the lifestyle of different ethnic minorities, like the Chakmas, Manipuris, Santals or Tripuris, have greatly influenced our folk music. Their interaction with Bengali culture and lifestyle over the years has found distinct reflection in the richness of our folk music. (e) Bangladeshi folk music varies from region to region owing to different natural environment and the dialects used by people. The northern Bhawaiya, the eastern Bhatiyali and the southwestern Baul songs reflect these aspects clearly..

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