Read the passage. Then answer the questions No. A.Countries of the world rely heavily on petroleum, coal and natural gas for their energy sources. There are two major types of energy sources: renewable and non-renewable. Hydro-carbon or fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy. Reliance on them poses real big problems. First, fossil fuels such as oil, coal, gas, etc. are finite energy resources and the world eventually will run out of them. Secondly, they will become too expensive in the coming decades and too damaging for the environment. Thirdly, fossil fuels have direct polluting impacts on earth's environment causing global warming. In contrast, renewable energy sources such as, wind and solar energy are constantly and naturally replenished and never run out.Most renewable energy comes either directly or indirectly from the sun. Sunlight or solar energy can be used for heating and lighting homes, for generating electricity and for other commercial and industrial uses.The sun's heat drives the wind and this wind energy can be captured with wind turbines $\to produce$ electricity. Then the wind and the sun's heat cause water $\to$ evaporate. When the water vapour turns into rain or snow and flows downhill into rivers or streams, its energy can be captured as hydroelectric energy.Along with the rain and snow, sunlight causes plants $\to$ grow. Plants produce biomass which again can be turned into fuels such as fire wood, alcohol, etc. identified as bioenergy.Scientists have identified Hydrogen as another form of renewable energy source. It is the most abundant element in nature. But it does not exist separately as a gas. It is always combined with other elements, such as with oxygen $\to make$ water. Hydrogen, separated from another element can be burned as a fuel $\to produce$ electricity.Our Earth's interior contains molten lava which gives off extreme heat. This heat inside the Earth produces steam and hot water which can be tapped as geothermal energy $\to produce electricity for heating homes$ etc.. Ocean energy comes from several sources. Ocean's force of tide and wave can be used $\to produce$ energy. The surface of the ocean gets more heat from the sun than the ocean depths. This temperature difference can be used as energy source too.[Unit-11; Lesson-2(B)]1. Choose the best answer from the alternatives.(a) The word '$rely^{\prime} stands for in the passage ---.$

1.The word '$den^{\prime} in the text$ means-

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2.RSPB is a _____ organization.

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3.Today young generation are ___ nature.

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4.Which one is in decline?

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5.The elderly people ___ childhood memories more than the younger people.

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6.What does the word '$include^{\prime} in the text refer \to$?

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7.Read the following text carefully and answer the questions no. 1 : Traditional childhood pastimes of climbing trees and playing conkers are in decline, according $\to a survey by the RSPB (Royal Society for the Protection of$ Birds). It's a charitable organization registered in England and Wales. The survey shows that people under 34 recall far fewer such childhood outdoor experiences than people over 55, according $\to a survey by$ RSPB. People were asked which of the twelve childhood outdoor experiences they could remember. The answer included making dens, daisy chains, climbing trees, playing conkers and feeding birds. Four out of five boys climbed trees and the same number of girls made daisy chains. But the survey showed the numbers declining among the newer generations. Some 15% more of those aged over 55 had these outdoor experiences in their childhood, compared with those between 15-34 years old. Some 92% of the public agreed that experiences of nature were still important $\to$ children, and 82% agreed that schools should play a role in providing them $\to all$ children. The survey has highlighted the positive impact of contact with nature on a child's education, health, wellbeing and social skills. At the same time, there has been a decline in these opportunities, with negative consequences for children, families and society a condition now known as nature deficit disorder. Mike Clarke, chief executive of the RSPB, will meet parliament members $\to urge the government \to join other organizations in providing children with first-hand experiences of the natural environment \ldots\ldots\ldots.$ "We believe this guidance should include the many positive impacts $\to children of having contact with nature and learning outside the$ classroom." 1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives: The closest meaning of the word '$organization^{\prime}$ is-

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8.What is the actual cause of river erosion?

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9.What is the consequence of river crosion?

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10.What does the phrase 'mighty $rivers^{\prime} in the text$ mean?

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11.The synonym of the word '$fate^{\prime} is --$

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12.Meherjan's dreams have been shattered by _____

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