Read the following passage and change the underlined sentences as directed. (a) The old sailor shot the albatross. (Passive) (b) At this, the sailors were very angry with him. (Negative) (c) Their throats were dry and they could not speak. (Complex) (d) Since the old sailor killed the bird, he brought bad luck to the sailors. (Simple) (e) It was a very unlucky day. (Exclamatory)

1.Read the text and change the sentences as directed: — (a) Jim and Della sacrificed their dearest possessions in order to buy Christmas presents for each other (Compound). (b) Della had an ardent desire to give her husband a worthy gift (Complex). (c) Jim also thought how he could give his wife a nice gift (Simple). (d) Della saved a scanty amount of money for this (Passive). (e) Jim was one of the sincerest husbands that we have ever known (Positive).

2.Read the text and change the sentences as directed: — (a) Most of the people of our country are living in the rural areas. (Make it interrogative without the change of meaning) (b) They are peace loving. (Make it complex) (c) They are more patriotic and industrious. (Make it positive) (d) They love their motherland profoundly. (Make it passive) (e) Although they are insolvent, they do not adopt any unfair means to become rich overnight. (Make it simple)

3.Read the text and change the sentences as directed: — (a) Long long ago there was a king who was very wise. (Make it simple) (b) People called him wise Solomon. (make it passive). (c) Actually at that time he was the wisest of all. (Make it comparative) (d) There was another ruler also named Queen of Sheba. (Make it complex) (e) One day she thought Solomon's wisdom should not remain untested. (Make it affirmative)

4.Read the text and change the sentences as directed: — We are very much proud of our freedom fighters. (a) They fought for the country with a patriotic zeal. (make it compound) (b) They are the most courageous sons of our nation. (make it positive) (c) Everybody admires and respects them greatly. (make it passive) (d) Nobody denies their contribution $\to their$ motherland. (make it interrogative without changing meaning) (e) They will never be forgotten by their countrymen $\to the$ end. (make it affirmative)

5.Read the text and change the sentences as directed: — (a) Water, an important, vital element of environment, is polluted in various ways (complex). It is called life. (b) The water which is pure is necessary for us (simple). (c) Men pollute water by throwing waste in it (compound). (d) The farmers use water in time of cultivation largely (passive). (e) It is one of the most important elements of all living beings (positive).

6.Read the text and change the sentences as directed: — (a) It was 1971 when Bangladesh achieved independence. (Simple) (b) It is the most significant event in the history of Bangladesh. (Comparative) (c) Our Freedom Fighters sacrificed their lives for the independence of Bangladesh. (Complex) (d) It was a great struggle for them. (Exclamatory) (e) We shall always remember them with pride. (Compound)

7.Read the text and change the sentences as directed: — (a) Some essential agricultural inputs are to be ensured to increase our food production. (Make it active) (b) The farmers who are poor do not get loans on easy terms. (Make it simple) (c) What a pity! (Make it Assertive) (d) The farmers do not get the facilities necessary for food production. (Make it complex) (e) Unfortunately, they do not get the due price of their products. (Make it compound)

8.Read the text and change the sentences as directed: — Frugality is a good habit. (a) A man who is frugal does not like to spend money without reasons (Simple). (b) The target of a frugal man is to save money for future (Make it Complex). (c) Every one should practise frugality to make a well-planned family (Make it Passive). (d) A frugal man lives a solvent life (Make it Negative). (e) A frugal man is happier than a prodigal man (Make it Positive).

9.Read the text and change the sentences as directed: — Bangladeshi developers can build modern robots like Sophia using its software. (a) The humanoid robot, Sophia is one of the newest sensations in the ICT world. (Make it positive) (b) Honourable Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina met Sophia, at the inaugural ceremony of the four-day-long digital world expo. (Make it passive) (c) The Hong Kong-based Robotics Company developed Sophia, one and a half year ago. (Make it complex) (d) Wearing a yellow Jamdani top and skirt, the robot came on the stage. (Make it compound). (e) What an enthusiasm the robot generated among the youth! (Make it affirmative)

10.Read the text and change the sentences as directed: — (a) Very few insects are as busy as a bee. (Comparative) (b) It is known as an industrious creature. (Active) (c) It flies from flower to flower and collects honey. (Simple) (d) It stores honey in the hive. (Passive) (e) In winter, it remains idle but it works hard in spring. (Complex) It leads a disciplined life.

11.Read the text and change the sentences as directed. Success never comes automatically, (a) We work hard to attain success in our life. (Complex) (b) Peace and prosperity is not possible without being industrious. (Affirmative) (c) A man who leads an idle life, brings misery for his life. (Simple) (d) He can never help the people of the society. (Passive) Such kind of man is the burden on the society. (e) Everybody abhors him. (Negative)

12.Read the text and change the sentences as directed. Anger is nothing but a vice. (a) It begets only the worst. (Negative) (b) Anger is one of the most inhuman vices. (Positive) (c) So, we should control it for our own sake. (Passive) (d) He who is taken by anger causes a lot of troubles. (Simple) (e) Realizing it, we should try to be emotionally balanced. (Complex)